在英语中，where是一个使用方法比较灵活的重点词语，其在定语从句、名词性从句及状语从句三大从句中的用法一直是各级各类考试的热门之一。
1、考查where用作关系副词，引导定语从句的使用方法
Where用作关系副词，引导限制性或非限制性定语从句，修饰表示地址的先行词，在定语从句中充当地址状语。
比如：
A bank is the place where they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
银行是在晴天它借给你一把伞，而在下雨天它把伞又收回来的地方。
注意，当先行词是表示地址的名词时，引导定语从句的关系词未必都用where，有时要用关系代词that或which引导，这主要依据先行词在从句中担当的成分来决定。当先行词在从句中作状语，表地址时，定语从句用关系副词where引导；
而当先行词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，表地址时，定语从句应用关系代词that或which引导（在限制性定语从句里用作宾语时，that或which可以省略）。比如：
This is the factory where he once worked.
这就是他过去过去工作过的那家工厂。
This is the factory they visited last year.
这就是他们去年参观过的那家工厂。
除此之外，where引导定语从句时，有时其先行词不是表示具体地址的名词，而是某些表示“抽象地址”的名词，如：point, position, case, situation, system, plan, condition, state, scene, business, stage, job，dream等。
（高考考试热门）
比如：
The Chinese nation has reached a point where its very existence is at stake.
中华民族到了这生死存亡的关头。
There comes a point where you give up.
目前你该舍弃了。
You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物没办法治疗的地步。
It got to the point where I was so ill I was waiting to die.
病到这个程度，我只能等去世了。
This is the point where total cosplayt equals total revenue.
这就是总花费等于总收入的那一点。
The accident happened at the point where the A15 joins the M1.
事故发生在A15与M1交叉的十字路口。
Then I got to the point where I was staying up really late at night to get my work done ．
然后我就到了晚上熬夜完成工作的地步。
高考考试考试真题- 浙江
But is there a point where it reaches capacity?
但，它有没装不下的时候呢?
四级考试真题- 6月
"We are at a point where in much of the developed world the vast majority of young people grew up playing video games, and an increasingly high percentage of adults play these video games too," Werbach says.
“大家正处在很多发达国家绝大部分的青年是玩电子游戏长大的年代，而愈加多的成年人也在玩这类游戏，”沃巴赫说。
四级考试真题- 12月
This is usually interpreted as a sign that today's parents are trying to manage their children's lives past the point where this behavior is appropriate.
这一般被讲解为一种征兆，说明现在的爸爸妈妈正试图以一种有的过火的方法和不当的行为来控制孩子的生活。
高考考试考试真题- 北京
He was in a position where he had to force a decision.
他当时的处境是，不能不强行推进作出决定。
He has talked himself into a position where he will have no option but to go.
他通过耍嘴皮子得到了一个职位，目前他只能硬着头皮去了。
It’s put me in a position where I can’t afford to take the job. 这使我陷入一种不可以同意此工作的境地。
We’re in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.
大家处于一种大家或许会损失一大笔钱的境地。
We were put into a position where we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government.
大家被置于如此一个境地：要么被迫同意大家低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。
This procedure should be followed in cases where dishonesty has been alleged.
指控欺诈的案件应遵循本诉讼程序。
He said there were cases where prisoners were tightly bound, often for several days.
他说有时犯人会被紧紧地捆绑起来，总是一捆就是好几天。
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly. 今天，大家将讨论一些英语新手对英语使用方法不对的问题。
I can think of many cases where students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay.
我能想出很多学生学会了很多词语和短语却不可以写出一篇好文章的状况。
In cases where it proves difficult to place a child, the reception centre provides long-term care.
遇见很难安置的孩子，收留中心会提供长期的照顾。
I have known cases where dogs have nipped babies.
我了解有一些狗咬婴儿的事情。
It was yet another case where the human eye outperformed radar.
这是肉眼胜过雷达的又一事例。
In cases where sewage mud is used, expensive chemical fertilizer use can be avoided.
在用污水泥浆的区域，可以不再用昂贵的化肥。
六级考试真题- 6月 2卷
He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is wrong and right.
他陷入一种难辨是非的局面。
You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.
你可能遇上一种状况，使你不能不立刻作出决定。
You may feel tearful in situations where you feel conspicuous.
感觉自己身处众目睽睽之下时，你或许会有想哭的感觉。
"Many students are coming from a situation where no one around them has the experience of successfully completing higher education, so they are coming in questioning themselves and their college worthiness," Jarrat continued.
贾拉特接着说："很多学生来自如此一个环境：他们周围无人同意过高等教育,因此他们质疑自己和上大学的价值。"
六级考试真题- 12月 1卷
He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong. 他陷入一种很难分辨是非的局面。
If you risk something important, you cause it to be in a dangerous situation where you might lose it. 你若是拿要紧的东西去冒险，那你就是将它置于一种或许会失去它的危险境地。
There is a scene where he falls while dancing.
有一个场景是他跳舞的时候摔倒了。
I got to the stage where I wasn't coping any more.
到了这个阶段，我已经没办法应对了。
The process of political change in South Africa has reached the stage where it is irreversible.
南非的政治变革已达到不可逆转的地步。
She wants a job where her management skills can be put to good use. 她想找一份能将她的管理技能派上用场的工作。
I don’t want a job where I’m chained to a desk all day. 我不想找一份整天坐在办公桌前的工作。
He was in a job where he felt unappreciated and undervalued.
他以前的工作未让他感到受赏识和看重。
Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public, I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to ．
去年,我花了所有些时间找一份工作,一份我不需要和公众交际,只须一个人工作但仍然有一个团队可以交谈的工作。
高考考试考试真题- 北京
Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing. 那些失聪的成功舞蹈演员们觉得，舞蹈是一种叫人看胜过叫人听的活动。
在where引导的定语从句中，有时为使表达更了解，还可以在关系副词where 前加介词from，to 等。
比如：
Soon after getting off his horse, the captain appeared at the second storey windows, from where he could see nothing but trees.
下马不久，上尉就出目前二楼的窗口了。从那里他除去树木什么也没看到。
She climbed up to the TOP of the hill, from where she could have a good view of the whole town.
她登上山顶，从那里她可以一览全城风光。
China is the birth place of kites, from where kite flying spread to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
中国是风筝的故乡，从那里风筝传到日本、朝鲜、泰国和印度。
2、考查where用作从属连词，引导地址状语从句的使用方法
Where用作从属连词，引导地址状语从句，意为“在（到）……的地方”，等于in / at / to the place where。
比如：
Today, we will begin where we sTOPped yesterday so that no point will be left out.
今天，为了不遗漏要素，大家从昨天结束的地方开始。
People began looking across to see where the noise was coming from...
大家开始四下察看，想弄了解那声响来自什么地方。
Sit where I can see you.
坐在我能看到你的地方。
Keep her where you can see her.
让她待在你能看得见的地方。
除此之外，从属连词where还可以和there连用，构成固定句型“where there is …, there is…”， 意为“哪儿有哪些，哪儿就有哪些”，此时where引导的地址状语从句兼有抽象条件的意义， where引导的从句一般放在主句之前。
比如：
Where there is river, there is a city.
有河流的地方就用城市。
Where there is life, there is hope.
留得青山在,不怕没柴烧。（有生命就有期望。）
Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者，事竟成。
Where there is smoke, there is fire.
无风不起浪。（事出有因）
Where there is oppression there is resistance.
哪儿有压迫哪儿就有反抗。
And where there is shale there is likely to be oli.
什么地方有页岩，什么地方就可能有石油。
3、考查where用作连接副词，引导名词性从句的使用方法
Where用作连接副词，引导名词性从句，在从句中作地址状语。此时的where 等于the place where…，意为“……的地方”。where用作连接副词，也可以和不定式连用，构成“疑问词+不定式”结构。
1. where引导主语从句
where引导主语从句，该从句在句中作主语。
比如：
Where we shall have the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
大家将在什么地方开会还没决定下来。
Where he got it isn’t clear.
还不了解他是在哪儿弄到它的。
有时为了维持句子平衡，防止句子出现“头重脚轻”现象，总是用it形式主语放在句首，而将where引导的主语从句后置。
比如：
It’s really no business of yours where I spent my summer holiday.
大家在哪儿度暑假确实与你无关。
It’s not decided where the graduates will be sent to work.
这类毕业生将分配到什么地方去工作还没做出决定。
2. where引导宾语从句
where引导宾语从句时，既能够用于及物动词（短语）后作宾语，也可以用于介词后作宾语。
比如
I’d like to know where you were born.
我想了解你是在哪儿生的。
Upon graduation he asked to be sent to where he is most needed.
刚一毕业，他就需要自己被派往最需要他的地方去。
3. where引导表语从句
where引导表语从句时，既能够用于系动词be后作表语，也可以用于其它系动词后作表语。另外，where引导表语从句时，与关系副词where引导的定语从句可以转换。
如：Go and get your coat. It’s where you left it.
去拿你的大衣，它就在你原先放的地方。
This is where the First National Congress took place.
这就是首次全国代表大会召开的地方。
注意，where引导表语从句时，有时表示抽象含义，可有灵活翻译。
如：That’s where we differ.
这就是大家的分歧所在。
That’s just where you are mistaken.
这就是你弄错的地方。
That was where he failed.
这就是他失败之处。
4. where引导同位语从句
where 引导同位词从句时，表示对前面的抽象名词，如fact, news, idea, suggestion, message, word等给予愈加具体详细的讲解说明。
如：Nicholas had no idea where he was.
尼古拉斯不了解他在哪儿。
高考考试考试真题- 北京
They had only a vague idea where the place was.
他们只不过大概了解那个地方的地方。
I have no idea where she lives.
我不了解她住在哪儿。
The proposal had been put forward, and then arose the question where we were to get the proofs needed.
建议被提了出来，然后就出现了这个问题：大家将在什么地方获得所需要的证据。
5. where和动词不定式连用，构成“疑问词+不定式”结构
如：You will be instructed where to go as soon as the plane is ready.
飞机一筹备好就会公告你去什么地方。
You have to know where to stand for a good viewpoint.
你得了解站在哪儿察看角度比较理想。
I didn't know where to start.
我不知该从什么地方着手。
They can suggest where to buy one.
他们可以推荐去什么地方购买。
If he's got something on his mind he knows where to find me
假如他有哪些想法的话，他了解到哪里能找到我。
Frank didn't like having the cops know where to find him.
弗兰克不想让警察了解去什么地方可以找到他。
Richard was marshalling the doctors and nurses, showing them where to go.
理查德正在召集医护职员，向他们说明去什么地方。
The newly-weds differed in their idea of where to spend their honeymoon.
这对新婚夫妇在去什么地方度蜜月的问题上有不一样的想法。
I was wondering where to spend the weekend.
我正在考虑在什么地方度周末。
I haven’t decided yet where to go for our summer holiday.
我还没决定去什么地方了度暑假。
What I want to know is where to begin.
我想了解的是从哪儿开始。
4、where引导的定语从句、地址状语从句及名词性从句有什么区别
不同where引导的三大从句，主如果看where引导的从句在句中所充当的成分。当其作状语时，则是状语从句，句中无先行词；当其作定语修饰名词，则是定语从句，句中需要有一个表示地址的名词作先行词；当其作主语时，是主语从句；在连系动词后，是表语从句；在行为动词或介词后，是宾语从句；
在名词后，且对该名词起着讲解说明用途，则是同位语从句。但无论是where引导的何种从句，where在从句中均作地址状语。
The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work where a good impression is a must.
这本书对我的平时生活帮助非常大交流，特别是在需要给人留下好印象的方面。
Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment where they live.
目前大家更关心他们居住的环境。
Many countries are now setting up national parks where animals and plants can be protected.
很多国家目前正在打造国家公园，保护动植物。
He wrote a letter where he explained what had happened in the accident.
他写了一封信，讲解了事故中发生的事情。
除此之外，where引导定语从句时，有时其先行词不是表示具体地址的名词，而是某些表示“抽象地址”的名词，如：point, position, case, situation, system, plan, condition, state, scene, business, stage, job，dream等。
（高考考试热门） There comes a point where you give up. 目前你该舍弃了。You reach a point where medicine can’t help. 你已到了药物没办法治疗的地步。
